I have been asked to investigate factors that affect the depreciation :: Economics

I have been approached to explore factors that influence the devaluation of vehicles. I have been approached to examine factors that influence the deterioration of vehicles. To do this I might preferably want to gather my own information about utilized vehicles. This would be called essential information. I would have gathered information eager for advancement, model, mileage, motor size, age, cost and cost at the point when new of a few hundred trade-in vehicles. Lamentably this would have taken a great deal of time, yet the bit of leeway would have been that it would have been dependable information which I could trust, and I could have found out precisely the data that I needed. It would have been unimaginable for me to do such a huge overview, nonetheless, so I needed to utilize auxiliary information that I got from the CCEA site. The upside of this was it was brisk, modest and simple, in any case, I can't make certain of the exactness of these outcomes and I don't have a clue on the off chance that any inclination was included when it was being gathered. I have moreover discovered that a large number of the outcomes are fragmented. From the very beginning, I am certain that two of these outcomes aren't right - a Renault Laguna which costs  £50,000, and a Renault Clio that increments in esteem. I have erased these outcomes straight away. Speculation 1 My first speculation is that vehicles devalue more as they get more seasoned. I utilized the spreadsheet on the PC to test this theory, however first I needed to get the age and rate deterioration for every vehicle, neither of which are recorded in the table. Right off the bat, to get the age of the vehicles, I deducted the year where they were produced using 2002, the year when the information was gathered. I first made another section on the spreadsheet and called it age. At that point I composed into the principal box under the title the equation for age- =2002-F2 where F2 is the section for the year the vehicle was made. This filled the box with the age of the vehicle. I at that point featured the container, right clicked what's more, chose duplicate, before featuring all the cases beneath and choosing glue extraordinary, recipe. This filled in the ages for all of the vehicles. Next, to get the rate deterioration, I made another section and filled it with a progressively confounded recipe =(I2-H2)/I2*100 where I2 is the cost when new and H2 is the value now. This filled the primary box in the rate deterioration section with the suitable worth, and I replicated the recipe into the different boxes as previously. I at that point featured these two segments and replicated them into outline 2. I have been approached to explore factors that influence the deterioration :: Economics I have been approached to examine factors that influence the deterioration of vehicles. I have been approached to explore factors that influence the deterioration of vehicles. To do this I might preferably want to gather my own information about utilized vehicles. This would be called essential information. I would have gathered information eager for advancement, model, mileage, motor size, age, cost and cost at the point when new of a few hundred trade-in vehicles. Sadly this would have taken a great deal of time, yet the preferred position would have been that it would have been dependable information which I could trust, and I could have found out precisely the data that I needed. It would have been incomprehensible for me to do such an enormous study, notwithstanding, so I needed to utilize optional information that I got from the CCEA site. The upside of this was it was speedy, modest and simple, in any case, I can't make certain of the precision of these outcomes and I don't have the foggiest idea in the event that any inclination was included when it was being gathered. I have too discovered that a large number of the outcomes are inadequate. From the very beginning, I am certain that two of these outcomes aren't right - a Renault Laguna which costs  £50,000, and a Renault Clio that increments in esteem. I have erased these outcomes straight away. Speculation 1 My first speculation is that vehicles devalue more as they get more seasoned. I utilized the spreadsheet on the PC to test this theory, yet first I needed to get the age and rate deterioration for every vehicle, neither of which are recorded in the table. Right off the bat, to get the age of the vehicles, I deducted the year wherein they were produced using 2002, the year when the information was gathered. I first made another segment on the spreadsheet and called it age. At that point I composed into the principal box under the title the equation for age- =2002-F2 where F2 is the segment for the year the vehicle was made. This filled the box with the age of the vehicle. I at that point featured the crate, right clicked furthermore, chose duplicate, before featuring all the containers underneath and choosing glue exceptional, equation. This filled in the ages for all of the vehicles. Next, to get the rate devaluation, I made another segment and filled it with an increasingly confused equation =(I2-H2)/I2*100 where I2 is the cost when new and H2 is the value now. This filled the principal confine the rate deterioration segment with the fitting worth, and I duplicated the equation into the different boxes as previously. I at that point featured these two segments and duplicated them into graph 2.

Information Systems Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Data Systems - Research Paper Example In spite of the productivity and adequacy of the correspondence framework at the organization, Hierarchical Network Design joining offers more advantages (White and Donohue, 2014). To meet the key system plan objectives, a system ought to be created on a design that grants the two adaptabilities just as development. The progressive plan is successfully used to aggregate gadgets into different systems. Such a system configuration includes partitioning the system into different discrete layers. Each layer gives exact capacities that layout its job inside the system in totality (Oppenheimer, 2005). Through isolating the capacities that are on a system, the system configuration turns out to be exceptionally appropriate for use for this business for it gets secluded, encouraging versatility just as execution. Such are the earnest worry for an advanced bike fabricating business. The standard progressive plan is separated into unmistakably three layers, center, access and access, dispersion. The center layer, for example, will interface conveyance layer gadgets. Access layer, then again, has the fundamental reason giving an immediate association with arrange gadgets a nd controlling the gadgets permitted to speak with it. At last, appropriation layer has the job of interconnecting the littler nearby systems. As an end, by looking at the correspondence organize inside Mosaic Cycle; the general proficiency and adequacy of this framework are apparent. In any case, as apparent in the paper various leveled organize have favorable circumstances over this system plans hence suggested.

Toni Morrison and Charlotte Perkins Gilman :: comparison compare contrast essays

Toni Morrison and Charlotte Perkins Gilman  In this time of electric vehicles, flying machines, and Chinese take-out, it is anything but difficult to let certain consistently imperfections slip past us.â Take for instance language.â What level of American's state I don't got any cash when truly they don't have any money?â Sure it's only a minor defect, brief flaw that could without much of a stretch pass unnoticed.â But, shouldn't something be said about the following individual who says, I ain't got no money.â Is there a limit?â Is there a breaking point to how seriously language can be damaged, obliterated, or is demise a definitive confinement?â Nobel Prize victor, Toni Morrison, communicates her nauseate and dread of such a passing in her 1993 Nobel Prize Lecture.  She recounts to the tale of an older visually impaired lady whom is known and regarded in her locale for her insight and knowledge.â Morrison clarifies that Among her kin [the old woman] is both the law and its offense (Morrison 1993).â On one event, the lady is drawn closer by some youngsters who are resolved to exploiting her blindness.â They state, Elderly person, I grasp a bird.â Tell me whether it is living or dead.â After some time the lady answers, I don't know.â I don't know whether the fowl you are holding is in any condition, yet what I can be sure of is that it is in your grasp. It is in your grasp. (Morrison 1993)  Morrison deciphers the winged animal to be language and the lady to be a polished writer.â â Morrison expresses that [The woman] is stressed over how the language she dreams in, given to her during childbirth, is taken care of, put into administration, even retained from her for certain loathsome purposes.â ...She accepts that if the fowl in the hands of her guests is dead, the caretakers are liable for the carcass (Morrison 1993).â The lady knows that language, her very method of speaking with the world, her sole instrument of articulation in present day society, is dying.â As language keeps on dieing, the lady and her mode for articulation become progressively bound, with death as the last outcome.â She is shackled and confined by her powerlessness to end the holocaust, the total and articulate despoiling of the language she adores to such an extent.

Voice in Writing 77 Questions to Find Yours

Voice in Writing 77 Questions to Find Yours Voice in Writing: 77 Questions to Find Yours Finding your special voice recorded as a hard copy can be so precarious. Have you at any point figured, Why do I appear to turn out to be additionally exhausting the more I write?Or, possibly youre figuring, Why do I battle to compose when I can converse with individuals so effectively about the equivalent subject?Sometimes, there’s a distinction between how we need to state something and how it really sounds.Our voice as an essayist can get lost, corrupted, or may simply be inconsistent.The approach to battle this is found in a two-section solution:Create an avatar.Write to that avatar.What Is An Avatar?To an author, a symbol is a composite of qualities of individuals that you need as your optimal perusers. This individual ought to have a name, an image, a particular segment, and other nitty gritty characteristics. When you can without much of a stretch hold an image of who this individual is in your mind’s eye, you can build up your writer’s voice by keeping in touch with your avatar.When you hold your symbol as a top priority, you’re ready to compose as though youre having a discussion. This permits you to be progressively real, increasingly accommodating, and it empowers you to associate with your peruser which will thusly assist you with selling more books.If your perusers are the correct perusers (the individuals that your symbol spoke to), they will think as they read your book, Oh wow, this book was composed precisely for me!How Do I Create An Avatar?A decent initial step is to think, Who is one individual in my life that this book would help the most?If there is somebody that you think possesses all the necessary qualities precisely, at that point presto! Compose the book for that person.Chandler Bolt, organizer of Self-Publishing School, even proposes beginning every part off by tending to your avatar.For model, if your symbols name is Sharon, you could begin every section by saying, Dear Sharon. Afterward, in your altering procedure, you can erase that underlying greeting.Chandler says, What youll find is that when youre battling with your voice and youre not certain what to state, youll simply return to, What might [name of avatar] need to hear at the present time? What story would most impact them? How might I compose the following bit of my book in a language that would resound the most to [name of avatar]?'You will compose quicker, you will compose simpler, and you will compose books that your perusers crave.Is an Avatar Necessary?Some individuals may settle on a large number of insights that speak to the general segment of their peruser rather than a symbol. In any case, basing your discounting voice of a conventional comprehension of your optimal peruser will bring about a nonexclusive depiction of your message.And, with a nonexclusive message, your crowd will be excessively wide. As its been stated, When your crowd is everybody, your crowd is no one.But I Dont Have An Avatar!If you dont know s omebody that superbly typifies your symbol, don’t stress!Here are 77 inquiries that you can reply to substance out your symbol, and thusly, cement your voice as a writer.Determine Your Avatars DemographicsWhat is your symbols name?What is your symbols age?What is your symbols gender?What is the conjugal status of your avatar?How numerous kids does your symbol have?What are the times of your symbols children?What is your symbols occupation?What is their activity title?How numerous years have they been in their current position?What is your symbols yearly income?How numerous employments have they held all through their career?What is your symbols level of education?Where did they go to school?What sort of experience did they have at school?Who were their companions at school?What are your symbols political views?What are your symbols strict views?It is even significant that you characterize your symbols physical qualities. This implies you ought to try and have an image of your avatar!You can without much of a stretch discover an image on the web to discover a picture that catches the appearance of your made avatar.What is your avatar’s hair color?What is your avatar’s eye color?What is your avatar’s weight?What is your avatar’s height?What does their outward appearances look like when theyre disappointed? Tired? Befuddled? Upbeat? Shocked? Taken off-guard?Determine Your Avatars PersonalityDescribe your symbols character at home, busy working, and in other social circumstances. (On the off chance that youre stuck, think about the inquiries, What makes your symbol on edge? Does your symbol have a sense of safety in social circumstances? Does your symbol need consideration or attempt to maintain a strategic distance from it? Does your symbol feel acknowledged in their relationships?)If you could tell your symbol anything, and you realized that they would hear you, however apply what youve stated, how might you train them?What are accurate statements that your symbol would state? (On the off chance that you are uncertain of this, basically watch human whether close companions or other online existences and see how they talk. What do their Facebook remarks resemble, their Amazon book audits, etc.?)What contemplations keep your symbol conscious at night?What does your avatar’s regular social condition look like?How does their way of life impact their character and decisions?What things does your symbol feel like they have control over?What things does your symbol feel like are out of their reach?What does your symbol stress about?Who does your symbol celebrate?Has your symbols life satisfied their expectations?Determine Your Avatars Hobbies and InterestsWhat kind of music does your symbol listen to?How frequently does your symbol tune in to music?Does the person like games? Do they appreciate viewing? Playing?Is your symbol intrigued by art?Where does your symbol need to travel?Where has your symbol as of now traveled?What does your symbol keep awake to-date on?What are your symbols most loved dress brands?Determine Your Avatars Goals and ValuesWhat does your symbol need to achieve this week? This year? Before they die?What is your symbols procedure for progressing in the direction of those goals?What is your symbol focused on (values)?In what ways does your symbol wish to improve their family situation?What would your symbol pay nearly anything for?Determine Your Avatars Challenges and Pain PointsWhat challenges is your symbol as of now facing?What causes your symbol pain?What is the most noticeably awful thing that could happen to your symbol if their concern (that you are explaining in your book) wasnt solved?How would this make them feel?What is your symbol apprehensive of?What does your symbol hate about their current situation?Determine Where Your Avatar Spends TimeWhere does your symbol hang out (physical locations)?Where does your symbol invest energy in the internet?What books does your symbol read? Computerized Marketer, an online business that works in web showcasing, proposes that you answer the inquiry, My optimal [reader] would peruse [book name], yet nobody else would. By deciding a book that your symbol would peruse, however nobody else would, you can comprehend the character and purchasing qualities of your symbol even more.What magazines does your symbol read?What web journals and sites does your symbol peruse and invest energy on?Does your symbol use Twitter? Why?Does your symbol use Facebook? Why?Does your symbol use LinkedIn? Why?What other web based life stages does your symbol use? Why?How much time does your symbol spend online?What gatherings does your symbol attend?Who does your symbol think about masters or experts?What sorts of innovation does your symbol use (what kind of telephone, PC, TV, etc.)?What does your symbol consider themselves?What does your symbols companions consider them?What does your symbols family consider them?D etermine Objections Your Avatar Might Have To Your Book/MessageWhat potential protests may your symbol have to your book/message?Why would your symbol decide not to purchase your book?What is your symbols capacity to buy items from you?How does your symbol see items like yours?Determine What Your Avatars Experience With Your Book Should BeWhat did your symbol do before perusing your book?What will your symbol think while perusing your book?What is your symbol attempting to achieve by perusing your book?What will your symbol do in the wake of perusing your book?What will make your symbol return to your book?Steps to Find Your Voice in WritingTo make your symbol, something that will enormously upgrade your voice as an essayist and your inside and out capacity to offer to and associate with your perusers, do the following:Answer the inquiries above.Based on the data you assemble, compose a tale about your symbol. Change the realities into a short account about this people life.Write yo ur book to this individual and watch your composing voice become increasingly steady and powerful.Knowing who you are composing for not just impacts future blog entries, deals duplicate, email promoting, and paid traffic publicizing, it likewise causes you compose your book.

Research Proposal on Development Economics Essay Example

Research Proposal on Development Economics Essay Advancement financial aspects is the part of financial matters and viable control, which considers the standards of arrangement of the political and conservative procedures of progress of the personal satisfaction in the regions which the low salary. Financial matters contemplates the nature and the reason for mass destitution and learns the components, propensities and instruments which can improve the monetary turn of events. The principle point of the improvement financial aspects is to crush destitution and advance monetary advancement in the underdeveloped nations. The issue of neediness has disturbed individuals for quite a long time and the key to riches and advancement has not been known till the uncommon examinations in this circle. Sadly, the world is partitioned into the rich and the poor nations, whose financial improvement is too low to even think about providing their kin with the elevated level of life and fulfill every one of their needs. Different researchers have invested a lot of energy to discover the reasons which impact the practical improvement of a nation and such examinations are amassed in the order of advancement financial aspects. The researchers break down the degree of life of various nations, study their monetary potential, solid and frail sides in industry, agribusiness, good and material qualities, conventions and customs of individuals, and so forth. They focus on each factor, which can improve the life of individuals on the planet and make unique speculations and models which are regularly tried. The principle assignment of advancement financial matters is to make a widespread guidance which can enable the creating nations to improve the board of the common and HR and arrive at the proper degree of life. We will compose a custom article test on Research Proposal on Development Economics explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on Research Proposal on Development Economics explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on Research Proposal on Development Economics explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The subject of improvement financial aspects is amazingly intriguing and provocative. Also, it offers a wide field of individual thoughts, so an understudy ought to commit a lot of time to the examination of the subject and put forth a valiant effort to conceptualize the best thoughts concerning the topic of the creating nations and the strategies or methods which can take care of their issues. One ought to convince that the subject of advancement financial aspects is worth examination and demonstrate it in the expert research proposition which contains the reason, the forecast of the conceivable accomplished consequences of the examination, the procedure, the investigation of the issue and the writing audit which demonstrates that numerous sources have been utilized to work out the difficult well. With the assistance of the Internet one can prevail in inquire about proposition composing, so an understudy should peruse a free model research proposition on advancement financial matters in the web and focus on such angles as the method of the investigation, arranging and structure of the paper. By and large, every free example look into proposition on advancement financial matters is set up by a specialist and can serve a solid model for composing of your own powerful paper. NOTE!!! All free example inquire about proposition and models on Development Economics are 100% copied, we are here to support you! EssayLib.com is a main research proposition composing administration, which can offer you the arrangement you have been searching for. With a huge number of composed research papers and proposition for Master’s and PhD degrees, we can give you precisely what you need at entirely moderate costs. Our accomplished authors will demonstrate you that high caliber and selectiveness is a trademark of our items. We can ensure your secrecy and guarantee you severe on time conveyance. There are numerous explanations behind EssayLib.com to turn into your preferred research proposition composing administration, yet all we are asking you †simply check out us!

How To Make Poetry Accessible For All Students

How To Make Poetry Accessible For All Students Marlee, a special education teacher, shares her tips for making poetry more hands on and engaging for your students, so you can celebrate National Poetry Month in your classroom. When I announce the start of our poetry unit, I am guaranteed grunts and groans from my kids. Working in a self-contained therapeutic setting, my students do not get excited about many academic units anyway, but poetry tends to really grind their gears. So that tasks me with the challenge of making the poetry unit exciting and accessible for all of my kids. Digital Poetry With programs like WeVideo and iMovie, students can turn their own poems (or famous poems) into a multi-sensory, multimedia experience.  With these programs, students can organize images from the internet (or their own photography) with transitions and other visual effects. Students can then add music or sound effects. Most importantly, they can record themselves reading their poems as their visuals dance across the screen, creating a truly multi-modal experience for poetry instruction. Why You Should Try This As teachers, we place a lot of importance on students analyzing and synthesizing different texts. Digital poetry allows students to perform these important skills, but gives them another medium to do so. Digital poetry also presents us with the opportunity to share student creations with a larger audience, via a class webpage or blog. Use Music Analyzing poetry and analyzing lyrics develops the same skills, but students tend to respond more positively to music. One of my favorite uses of music for poetry instruction is to teach figurative language. In the past, I have started with the song “Smile” by Uncle Kracker because it has a wide range of figurative language. I pass out the lyrics and have them follow along as they listen. As a class, we annotate for figurative language. Next, they choose their own songs to investigate. Students dive right into the search for figurative language. For struggling readers, it also helps to allow them to listen to the songs. Why You Should Try This Common Core State Standards mention understanding and analyzing figurative language at all grade levels, and poetry presents the perfect opportunity to do so. Choosing lyrics gives the students an element of choice in their learning, which will make it more meaningful. Also, most students have at least one song that they can relate to, which creates engagement for students that would otherwise be disinterested. Poetry Bracket Tournament March Madness brackets meets poetry. For this activity, I expose my students to as many different poems as possible by bringing in a bin of poetry books. To fill 64-spots, each kid picks 4-ish poems, and then I choose 4. We pass out numbers 1-64 and we write the poems on the corresponding lines. Then, each day, two competitions take place; students take turns reading their poems and then the rest of the class votes on the winner - emphasizing voting for the poem, not the person. I like to have different poetic elements that we are judging each day; so one day we will be looking for the poem with the best figurative language, while another day might just be the poem that they like the best. The winning poems go onto the next spot until we are down to the final four, and eventually the winner. Why You Should Try This If you ask students to just read 64 poems, they are going to disengage. Because of the competitive game element of this activity, it does not feel like the standard reading task. This is a great way to expose students to tons of different poets and styles. (Blank March Madness brackets found here). Found Poems Found Poems give students that might otherwise struggle with writing the opportunity to be a wordsmith. Found Poetry is hands-on and multisensory, while still focusing on poetic elements. Students flip through old magazines and newspapers, and cut out words or phrases that stand out. On a piece of construction paper, students will arrange their words in a way that is meaningful to them, and glue the words down. When the poems are finished, I have students do a Gallery Walk to read each other’s poems, leaving Post-It comments for each poem. Why You Should Try This Many students dread poetry because they don’t feel like they are good writers, so this activity presents an alternative way to “write” a poem. This is also a hands-on activity, and the end-result looks really cool. Finally, the Gallery Walk gets students out of their seats and thinking critically about poetry. Collaborative Poetry Writing Collaborative poetry writing can be done using a program like Google Docs, or it can be done with a pencil and paper (or chart paper and markers). Usually, I do this lesson with an extended limerick (instead of 5-lines, we use the closest multiple of 5, depending on the number of students). Another option is to do this activity in smaller groups. Anyway, I remind my students of the format of a limerick: AABBA, lines 1, 2, and 5, having 7-10 syllables and lines 3-4 having 5-7 syllables. Then, I give each kid a number, and that number will be the line that they are responsible for. I usually give them a topic or theme to write about and then I let the madness ensue. Students usually beg to make the limerick hyper-extended because they want to keep adding to it. Why You Should Try This You’re killing two birds with one stone - you’re teaching them about different forms of poetry (as well as syllables and rhyming), while also working on team-building skills. This activity is also just fun and lighthearted, which will help students to associate positive, “fun,” feelings with poetry. Not to mention, your final product is guaranteed to amuse you. Here are some additional resources for teaching students poetry: A Collection Of Poetry Activities, Reading and Defining Poetry, and Tricks Of The Trade Poetry Tips.   How do you teach poetry? Share with us on Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, and Pinterest. Marlee Chizhevsky is a special education teacher at a therapeutic day school in Chicago. Also a certified English Language Arts teacher, Marlee has been a freelance writer since 2008. Marlee resides with her husband; cat, Q; and dog, Z.

The Industrial Credit And Investment Corporation In India Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

ICICI (The Industrial Credit And Investment Corporation in India) bank is the 4th largest bank in India incorporated in 1994 which went public in 1997. Earlier in 1955,ICICI came in existence due to World Bank initiative and the government.After that,ICICI announced their Banking subsidiary ICICI bank to overcome their banking operations like deposits,car loans,credit cards.Today ICICI bank has around 1700+ branches and 4271+ Atms in India and covers 19 countries globally CORE BUSINESS:- Banking and financial services are the core businesses of ICICI bank which includes corporate, International retail sector. PRODUCT LINES:- Personal banking: It includes Accounts Deposits,Roaming current account, Fixed Deposits,Recurring deposit, Housing loan,Commercial,Debit Credit cards,Mutual funds ,Car loans, Education loan,Personal loan,Demat services,Mobile banking,Wealth Management,Online services International NRI banking:-Money transfer,Bank accounts,Investment,Home loans, Insurance, Loans against FD, Foreign Exchange services Corporate Banking:- Commercial Banking , Global markets ,Investment Banking , Structured finance,International finance , Technology finance, Capital markets and Custodial services Business Banking:- Transaction Banking CMS, Business loans Trade services, Advisory services Rural and agri banking:- Agri corporate, Agri traders processors and Micro Banking MILSTONE CHANGES:- In 2000,ICICI bank was merged with Bank of Madura(BoM) In 2001,ICICI personal financial ltd ICICI capital services ltd were merged to ICICI bank In 2003,ICICI launched its subsidiaries in UK Canada. In 2004,ICICI opened its office in Bangladesh to grab the exclusive trade between the 2 countries In 2005,ICICI acquired Investitsionno-Kreditny bank(IKB) a Russian bank. In 2007,ICICI combined Sangli bank which was situated in Maharshtra for covering rural areas Recently, ICICI bank acquired Bank of Rajasthan in a non-cash deal growing formers network by 25% SENIOR MANAGEMENT:- ICICI bank is managed by extreme experience holders like Chairman K.V.Kamath,MD CEO Chanda Kochhar ,Deputy MD Sandeep Bakshi , NS Kannan EX-director CFO. MARKET INFORMATION:- Is is listed ON NSE and BSE. Its American Depositary Receipts(ADR) are listed on the NYSE Indias 2nd largest bank with an assest value of Rs.3774 billion On March 31st 2010,ICICI bank is reported to have 17 subsidiaries. ESTABLISHMENT:- Axis Bank was incorporated in the year 1993 as UTI Bank Ltd which provides Corporate Retail Banking products was the first private banks to have begun operations in 1994, after the Government of India allowed new private banks to be established. The Banks Registered Office is at Ahmedabad and its Central Office is located at Mumbai PROMOTERS:- Axis Bank Ltd. has been promoted by the largest and the best Financial Institution of the country, UTI. The Bank was set up with a capital of Rs. 115 crore, with UTI contributing Rs. 100 Crore, LIC Rs. 7.5 Crore and GIC and its four subsidiaries contributing Rs. 1.5 Crore each SUUTI Shareholding 27.02%Erstwhile Unit Trust of India was set up as a body corporate under the UTI Act, 1963, with a view to encourage savings and investment CORE BUSINESS:- The Bank has strengths in both retail and corporate banking and is committed to adopting the best industry practices internationally in order to achieve excellence. The principal activities of the bank include commercial banking which encompasses merchant banking, direct finance, infrastructure finance, venture capital fund, advisory, trusteeship, treasury and other related financial services. PRODUCT LINE:- Comprehensive portfolio of banking services including Corporate Credit, Retail Banking, Business Banking, Capital Markets, Treasury and International Banking.The Product line of Axis bank has a variety of plans for everyone like Saving Account for Women, Prime Saving Account, Senior Citizens Saving Account, Priority Banking, Corporate Salary Account, Trust /NGOs Saving Account, Resident Foreign Currency Account, Online Trading Account, Current Account, Term Deposits, Locker Facilities, NRI Services, Depository Services, Financial Advisory Services, Wealth Management Services, Insurance Solutions Life and General, Retail Loans, Credit Loans, Travel Currency Cards, Remittance Cards Gift Cards MILESTONE CHANGES:- Dec-93 Registered office at Ahmedabad; Head office at Mumbai Apr-94 First branch of UTI Bank inaugurated at Ahmedabad by Dr. Manmohan Singh, Honble Finance Minister, Government of India. Sep-98 UTI Bank goes public Sep-99 Cash management services (CMS) launched, Co branded credit card Launched Apr-00 Bank launches its Internet banking module, i-Connect Retail loansintroduced for the first time by the Bank. Dec-05 UTI Bank wins International Financing Review (IFR) Asia India Bond House award for the year 2005 Apr-06 UTI Bank opens its first international branch in Singapore July-07 UTI Bank re-brands itself as Axis Bank Mar-08 Axis Bank launches Platinum Credit Card, Indias first EMV chip based Card SENIOR MANAGEMENT:-P. J. Nayak Chairman Chief Executive Officer, M.M. Agrawal Executive Director (Corporate Banking)Hemant Kaul, Executive Director (Retail Banking) LISTING ON EXCHANGES:-The bank is also registered on NSE, OTCEI, London Stock Exchange, and BSE. The bank has been successful in adapting to the changing environment due to which they have a good market share despite of tough competitions . ESTABLISHMNET: HDFC Bank Ltd. is a major Indian financial services company based in Mumbai, incorporated in august 1994.It was among the first companies in India to receive an in principle approval from the Reserve Bank of India to set up a bank in the private sector. HDFC Bank began their operation in 1995 with a simple mission to be a World class Indian bank. HDFC Bank has a very strong distribution network. It has its headquarters in Mumbai. It has a network of 1725 branches spread in 771 cities across India. The Bank also has 3898 networked ATMS across these cities. It operates in the following segment: 1) Personal Banking-It deals with all the financial dealings between a commercial bank and an individual. 2) Wholesale banking-Deals with all sorts of financial dealings with financial institutions, corporate, medium and small scale enterprises, trust and also the government sector. 3) NRI Banking-Consist of personal banking relations with the NRIS. CORE BUSINESS:-Their business philosophy is based on four core values-customer focus, operational excellence, product leadership and people. This is the reason because of which they are committed to hire, develop, motivate and retain the best people in the industry. HDFC Bank is specialized in providing banking and other financial services to corporate and institutional clients .The companies services include electronic banking products and commercial transactions. It also provides treasury services, retail banking and capital market infrastructure. PRODUCT LINE:- It has a bunch of product and services to meet the need of the people such as accounts deposits, loans, investments insurance , forex payment services, cards and customer center. MILESTONE CHANGES:- :2000: HDFC Bank was merged with Times Bank. This was the first merger of two private banks in India. As per the scheme of amalgamation which was approved by the shareholders of both the banks and the RBI, shareholders of times bank received 1 s hare of HDFC Bank for every 5.75 shares of Times Bank. 2008:acquired Centurion Bank Of Punjab taking its total branches to more than 1000. The amalgamation added significant value to HDFC Bank in terms of increased branch network, geographic research, customer base and a bigger pool of skilled power. HDFC Bank is among one of those banks that recognizes the importance of good corporate governance, which is generally accepted as a key factor in attaining fairness for all the stakeholders of the company and achieving organizational efficiency. LISTING ON EXCHANGES:-The bank is listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange(BSE) And The National Stock Exchange of India Limited(NSE).It is one of the first Indian bank to be listed on New York Stock Exchange(NYSE) in 2001 .The bank also got listed on the Luxembourg Stock Exchangein 2008. They make use of their up- to- date technology, along with their expertise to create a competitive advantage and build market share. Vision: To be the trusted partner in progress by leveraging quality human capital and setting global standards of excellence to build the most valued financial conglomerate. Establishment: The IDBI Bank ltd ,originally known as Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI), was formed on 1st July, 1964 under an Act of Parliament as a whole owned subsidiary of Reserve Bank of India. Its main objective was to provide credit and other facilities for the development of industries in India. The ownership was transferred to Government of India (GOI) on 16th February 1976. GOIs stake was reduced initially to 72 % and then 58.1 % in 1995 and finally to around 53 %. Core Business: IDBI has played a major role in promoting the industrial growth by financing medium and long term projects. Over the years the bank has grown its basket of products and services to cover almost the entire spectrum of industrial activities. IDBI provides financial assistance, in rupee as well as foreign currencies, for expansion, modern ization and diversification of companies. Milestone changes: On 1st October 2004 IDBI was converted into a banking company (IDBI Bank ltd.) to diversify into banking activities while continuing with its role as a Development Financial Institution. On 1st October 2005 IDBI bank ltd. was merged with its parent company IDBI. On 3rd October 2006 The United Western Bank ltd was merged with IDBI. In 2006 IDBI announced its foray into Life Insurance business (48 % equity) along with Fortis (26 %) and Federal Bank (26 %). Product Lines: Corporate Banking: It includes Project Finance, Film Finance, Infrastructure Finance, Foreign Currency loans, Leasing, Carbon Credit business, Working Capital finance, Direct Discounting of bills, Finance for Overseas Acquisitions Products. Retail Banking: It includes various types of bank accounts, mobile banking, internet banking, ATM banking, phone banking, bill payments, various types of loans, various card products/services and investment advisory services. Privilege Banking: It includes preferred customer banking and PowerPlus account. Agri-Business and Micro Finance SME Banking Senior Management: IDBI is a board managed institution with the Chairman Managing Director along with two Deputy Managing Directors having the responsibility of day to day management. Market Information : It is currently the 10th largest development bank in the world in terms of reach. It is the countrys 4th largest bank in overall ratings. It is listed in NSE (last traded price : 117.75) and BSE (last traded price :117.60) ESTABLISHMENT:- The State bank of India, the countrys oldest Bank, traces its heritage two centuriesÂÂ  ago. Government of India brought state bank of India act in 1955, which gave RBI provision to acquire 60% stake in Imperial bank of India, whose name was then changed to State bank of India, thus making it the first nationalize bank of India. In 2008, RBIs stake in SBI was taken by government. CORE BUSINESS:- Banking is the core business of SBI which includes corporate, International domestic banking. PRODUCT LINES:- Personal banking: It includes Term deposit, Recurring deposit, Housing loan, Car loan, Education loan, Personal loan and credit card, debit card. International banking:-Trade finance, Correspondent banking, Merchant banking, Project export finance, Exporter gold card, offshore banking. Corporate banking:- Working capital finance, Project finance, Deferred payment guarantees, Corporate term loans, Loan Syndication, Financing Indian firms overseas subsidiaries or JVs. SME(small and medium enterprises): retail trade finance, rice mills plus, auto loan etc Agricultural banking, Government business MILSTONE CHANGES:- SBI computerized its branches in 1990. And Launched state bank of India (California) as subsidiary in 1982.In 1990, SBI established an offshore bank, State Bank of India (Mauritius). To remain competitive, it began the process of implementing largest centralized core system in 2002, ever undertaken by banking industry. In March 2004, SBI announced that customers from over 9000 branches across India will be provide with anywhere banking facility in next two years. Expansion in insurance and investment sector by launching SBI life insurance, SBI mutual fund, SBI capital markets ltd. MARKET INFORMATION:- Exchange listed:- NSE and BSE, London stock exchange, Financial instruments:- monetary instrument eg. credit cards DECISION THAT AFFECTED BANKING SECTOR:- Government owned banks controlled over 90% of the banking sector assets before 1991.Banks business were under stringent administrative control like interest rates on deposits and lending. More private banks then enter into the market resulting improved competition. Public sector banks got more autonomy. There has been significant increase in communication and information technology in the quality of banking service after the liberalization. Focus was on improving internal controls at banks, more market base capital adequacy norms and to resolve the problem of Non- performing Assets. Today all banks have to meet frequent reporting requirements, inspection and audits.